Edgewall Software

Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of WikiMacros


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Timestamp:
Dec 10, 2015, 6:49:38 AM (8 years ago)
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trac
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  • WikiMacros

    v1 v2  
    1 =  Wiki Macros =
    2 Trac macros are plugins to extend the Trac engine with custom 'functions' written in Python. A macro inserts dynamic HTML data in any context supporting WikiFormatting.
     1= Trac Macros
    32
    4 Another kind of macros are WikiProcessors. They typically deal with alternate markup formats and representation of larger blocks of information (like source code highlighting).
     3[[PageOutline]]
    54
    6 == Using Macros ==
    7 Macro calls are enclosed in two ''square brackets''. Like python functions, macros can also have arguments, a comma separated list within parentheses.
     5Trac macros are plugins to extend the Trac engine with custom 'functions' written in Python. A macro inserts dynamic HTML data in any context supporting WikiFormatting. Its syntax is `[[macro-name(optional-arguments)]]`.
    86
    9 === Examples ===
     7The WikiProcessors are another kind of macros. They typically deal with alternate markup formats and transformation of larger "blocks" of information, like source code highlighting. They are used for processing the multiline `{{{#!wiki-processor-name ... }}}` blocks.
    108
    11 {{{
    12  [[Timestamp]]
     9== Using Macros
     10
     11Macro calls are enclosed in two ''square brackets'' `[[..]]`. Like Python functions, macros can also have arguments, a comma separated list within parentheses `[[..(,)]]`.
     12
     13=== Getting Detailed Help
     14
     15The list of available macros and the full help can be obtained using the !MacroList macro, as seen [#AvailableMacros below].
     16
     17A brief list can be obtained via `[[MacroList(*)]]` or `[[?]]`.
     18
     19Detailed help on a specific macro can be obtained by passing it as an argument to !MacroList, e.g. `[[MacroList(MacroList)]]`, or, more conveniently, by appending a question mark (`?`) to the macro's name, like in `[[MacroList?]]`.
     20
     21=== Example
     22
     23A list of the 3 most recently changed wiki pages starting with 'Trac':
     24
     25||= Wiki Markup =||= Display =||
     26{{{#!td
     27  {{{
     28  [[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]
     29  }}}
    1330}}}
    14 Display:
    15  [[Timestamp]]
     31{{{#!td style="padding-left: 2em;"
     32[[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]
     33}}}
     34|-----------------------------------
     35{{{#!td
     36  {{{
     37  [[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]
     38  }}}
     39}}}
     40{{{#!td style="padding-left: 2em;"
     41[[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]
     42}}}
     43|-----------------------------------
     44{{{#!td
     45  {{{
     46  [[?]]
     47  }}}
     48}}}
     49{{{#!td style="padding-left: 2em"
     50{{{#!html
     51<div style="font-size: 80%" class="trac-macrolist">
     52<h3><code>[[Image]]</code></h3>Embed an image in wiki-formatted text.
    1653
    17 {{{
    18  [[HelloWorld(Testing)]]
     54The first argument is the file …
     55<h3><code>[[InterTrac]]</code></h3>Provide a list of known <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/InterTrac">InterTrac</a> prefixes.
     56<h3><code>[[InterWiki]]</code></h3>Provide a description list for the known <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/InterWiki">InterWiki</a> prefixes.
     57<h3><code>[[KnownMimeTypes]]</code></h3>List all known mime-types which can be used as <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/WikiProcessors">WikiProcessors</a>.
     58Can be …</div>
    1959}}}
    20 Display:
    21  [[HelloWorld(Testing)]]
     60etc.
     61}}}
    2262
    23 == Available Macros ==
     63== Available Macros
    2464
    2565''Note that the following list will only contain the macro documentation if you've not enabled `-OO` optimizations, or not set the `PythonOptimize` option for [wiki:TracModPython mod_python].''
     
    2767[[MacroList]]
    2868
    29 == Macros from around the world ==
    30 The [http://projects.edgewall.com/trac/ Trac Project] has a section dedicated to user-contributed macros, [http://projects.edgewall.com/trac/wiki/MacroBazaar MacroBazaar]. If you're looking for new macros, or have written new ones to share with the world, don't hesitate adding it to the [http://projects.edgewall.com/trac/wiki/MacroBazaar MacroBazaar] wiki page.
     69== Macros from around the world
    3170
    32 ----
     71The [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks] site provides a wide collection of macros and other Trac [TracPlugins plugins] contributed by the Trac community. If you are looking for new macros, or have written one that you would like to share with the world, don't hesitate to visit that site.
    3372
    34 == Developing Custom Macros ==
    35 Macros, like Trac itself, are written in the [http://www.python.org/ Python programming language]. They are very simple modules, identified by the filename and should contain a single ''entry point'' function. Trac will display the returned data inserted into the HTML where the macro was called.
     73== Developing Custom Macros
    3674
    37 It's easiest to learn from an example:
     75Macros, like Trac itself, are written in the [http://python.org/ Python programming language] and are developed as part of TracPlugins.
     76
     77For more information about developing macros, see the [trac:TracDev development resources] on the main project site.
     78
     79Here are 2 simple examples showing how to create a Macro. Also, have a look at [trac:source:tags/trac-1.0.2/sample-plugins/Timestamp.py Timestamp.py] for an example that shows the difference between old style and new style macros and at the [trac:source:tags/trac-0.11/wiki-macros/README macros/README] which provides a little more insight about the transition.
     80
     81=== Macro without arguments
     82
     83To test the following code, you should saved it in a `timestamp_sample.py` file located in the TracEnvironment's `plugins/` directory.
    3884{{{
    3985#!python
    40 # MyMacro.py -- The world's simplest macro
     86from datetime import datetime
     87# Note: since Trac 0.11, datetime objects are used internally
    4188
    42 def execute(hdf, args, env):
    43     return "Hello World called with args: %s" % args
     89from genshi.builder import tag
     90
     91from trac.util.datefmt import format_datetime, utc
     92from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
     93
     94class TimeStampMacro(WikiMacroBase):
     95    """Inserts the current time (in seconds) into the wiki page."""
     96
     97    revision = "$Rev$"
     98    url = "$URL$"
     99
     100    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text):
     101        t = datetime.now(utc)
     102        return tag.strong(format_datetime(t, '%c'))
    44103}}}
    45104
    46 You can also use the environment (`env`) object, for example to access configuration data and the database, for example:
     105=== Macro with arguments
     106
     107To test the following code, you should save it in a `helloworld_sample.py` file located in the TracEnvironment's `plugins/` directory.
    47108{{{
    48109#!python
    49 def execute(hdf, txt, env):
    50     return env.get_config('trac', 'repository_dir')
     110from genshi.core import Markup
     111
     112from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
     113
     114class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
     115    """Simple HelloWorld macro.
     116
     117    Note that the name of the class is meaningful:
     118     - it must end with "Macro"
     119     - what comes before "Macro" ends up being the macro name
     120
     121    The documentation of the class (i.e. what you're reading)
     122    will become the documentation of the macro, as shown by
     123    the !MacroList macro (usually used in the WikiMacros page).
     124    """
     125
     126    revision = "$Rev$"
     127    url = "$URL$"
     128
     129    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
     130        """Return some output that will be displayed in the Wiki content.
     131
     132        `name` is the actual name of the macro (no surprise, here it'll be
     133        `'HelloWorld'`),
     134        `text` is the text enclosed in parenthesis at the call of the macro.
     135          Note that if there are ''no'' parenthesis (like in, e.g.
     136          [[HelloWorld]]), then `text` is `None`.
     137        `args` are the arguments passed when HelloWorld is called using a
     138        `#!HelloWorld` code block.
     139        """
     140        return 'Hello World, text = %s, args = %s' % \
     141            (Markup.escape(text), Markup.escape(repr(args)))
     142
    51143}}}
    52144
    53 Note that since version 0.9, wiki macros can also be written as TracPlugins. This gives them some capabilities than “classic” macros do not have, such as directly access the HTTP request.
     145Note that `expand_macro` optionally takes a 4^th^ parameter ''`args`''. When the macro is called as a [WikiProcessors WikiProcessor], it's also possible to pass `key=value` [WikiProcessors#UsingProcessors processor parameters]. If given, those are stored in a dictionary and passed in this extra `args` parameter. On the contrary, when called as a macro, `args` is  `None`. (''since 0.12'').
    54146
    55 For more information about developing macros, see the [http://projects.edgewall.com/trac/wiki/TracDev development resources] on the main project site.
     147For example, when writing:
     148{{{
     149{{{#!HelloWorld style="polite" -silent verbose
     150<Hello World!>
     151}}}
    56152
    57 ----
    58 See also:  WikiProcessors, WikiFormatting, TracGuide
     153{{{#!HelloWorld
     154<Hello World!>
     155}}}
     156
     157[[HelloWorld(<Hello World!>)]]
     158}}}
     159One should get:
     160{{{
     161Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {'style': u'polite', 'silent': False, 'verbose': True}
     162Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {}
     163Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = None
     164}}}
     165
     166Note that the return value of `expand_macro` is '''not''' HTML escaped. Depending on the expected result, you should escape it by yourself (using `return Markup.escape(result)`) or, if this is indeed HTML, wrap it in a Markup object (`return Markup(result)`) with `Markup` coming from Genshi, (`from genshi.core import Markup`). 
     167
     168You can also recursively use a wiki Formatter (`from trac.wiki import Formatter`) to process the `text` as wiki markup:
     169
     170{{{
     171#!python
     172from genshi.core import Markup
     173from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
     174from trac.wiki import Formatter
     175import StringIO
     176
     177class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
     178    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
     179        text = "whatever '''wiki''' markup you want, even containing other macros"
     180        # Convert Wiki markup to HTML, new style
     181        out = StringIO.StringIO()
     182        Formatter(self.env, formatter.context).format(text, out)
     183        return Markup(out.getvalue())
     184}}}